CONDITIONAL SENTENCES


Conditional sentences are sentences expressing factual implications, or hypothetical situations and their consequences. They are so called because the validity of the main clause of the sentence is conditional on the existence of certain circumstances, which may be expressed in a dependent clause or may be understood from the context.
A full conditional sentence (one which expresses the condition as well as its consequences) therefore contains two clauses: the dependent clause expressing the condition, called the protasis ; and the main clause expressing the consequence, called the apodosis.
In English conditional sentences, the condition clause (protasis) is most commonly introduced by the conjunction if, or sometimes other conjunctions or expressions such as unless, provided (that), providing (that) and as long as. Certain condition clauses can also be formulated using inversion without any conjunction (should you fail...; were he to die...; had they helped us... ; see also the corresponding section about inversion in the English subjunctive article).
In english language teaching, conditional sentences are often classified under the headings Zero Conditional, First Conditional (or conditional I), second conditional (or conditional II), third conditional (or conditional III) and mixed conditional, according to the grammatical pattern followed. A range of variations on these structures are possible.

Uses of the Conditional
  1. First conditional
    1. Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition is possible.
    2. Time: This condition refers either to present or to future time.
      e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.
      If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.
  2. Second conditional
    1. Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations.
    2. Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking about the present, now.
      e.g. If I knew her name, I would tell you.
      If I were you, I would tell my father.
      Compare: If I become president, I will change the social security system. (Said by a presidential candidate)
      If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said by a schoolboy: improbable)
      If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.
      If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable)
  3. Third conditional
    1. Nature: unreal
    2. Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that was not so in the past.)
      e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party.(But you didn't, and I have).
Source :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_sentence
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conditional2.htm

08.44 | Category: | 0 komentar

MY EXPERIENCE SCIENTIFIC WRITING TRIAL
I want to share a short story about the scientific writing trial. Although it has passed, precisely on March, 21st 2017 at 09:00 am, but i think there's no harm if i share it here. Hopefully it can motivate anyone who wants to pass it! 

Chasing the deadline
I felt there was a sense of dashed when i want to start a Chapter 4 because of a little damaged on my laptop. Therefore, my scientific writing delayed about 2 months then i thought i cant pass it this semester. But when i decided to continue it next semester, i had a lot of motivation from all of my friend. Finally, based of motivation from my friend, my scientific writing was completed within 3 days and 2 times of guidance with my lecturer and directly i had an approval for trial.

March, 7th 2017    
I enrolled for the trial and waiting about 1 week to take the trial schedule.

March, 14th 2017
Then i took the schedule. How come, i had turn on March, 21st 2017. I was surprised when hearing my friend had to wait the turn approximately 2 months.

I had so many things that should i prepare such as scientific writing as 3 copies, plastic of ohp copies, clothing, mastery of the material, mental and the most important of prayer.

March, 21st 2017
Day of the trial arrived, my session at 9 am but i was there at 8.30 am. First, i had attandance list. After that, it given to the examiner lecturer. I didnt expect that i had the first turn to presentation. Even i felt nervous but i had passed it. 
Alhamdulillah, everything was completed only takes 15 minutes. 

After that, i was waiting to get revision paper about 1 hour. Finally, i got it. Alhamdulillah because " I HAD NO ANY REVISION" Yeay!!!
23.30 | Category: | 0 komentar

SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT

Every sentence in English follows a certain pattern. There are several sentence patterns in English. A decent understanding of these structures will help you to express your ideas in several different ways.

SUBJECT

The Subject is the agent of the sentence in the active Voice. Subject is the person or thing that does the action of the sentence, and subject normally precedes the verb.

Example :
She reads a novel everyday.
They play football at the park.
You write a story about your life on your blog.

Verb

The Verb follows the subject, it generally shows the action of the sentence.

Example :
I have eaten.
Adi has lived in Yogyakarta.
She had finished her homework.

COMPLEMENT

A complement completes the verb. It is similar to the subject because it is usually a noun or noun phrase, However, it generally follows the verb when the sentence is in the active voice.
Note:Every sentence does not require a complement.

Example :
Sarijon bought a cake yesterday
·What did Sarijon buy yesterday?  –> a cake.
He saw Tony at the movie
·Whom did he see at the movie? –> Tony
I explain pharmacology to my students
·What do I explain to my students? –> pharmacology

Sources :
https://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-subject-predicate
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/The-Subject.htm
http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb
01.18 | Category: | 0 komentar

Example of Application Letter & Curriculum Vitae
Example of  Application Letter :

April 19, 2015

Mr. Hyde
Hiring Manager
Bank of the Hope Islands (BHI)
Depok City 1226

Dear Mr. Hyde,

I am writing to express my interest for the position of Recruitment Assistant in your esteemed company.

Having recently obtained my Bachelor’s Degree in Business Administration major in Human Resource Development Management (BSBA-HRDM) in the Polytechnic University of the Jakarta (PUJ), I wish to bring my knowledge, skills and commitment to excellence to your company’s innovative environment.

As a Business Administration student, majoring in HR management, I’ve become equipped with the necessary knowledge that come with the position including manpower recruitment, workforce organization, personnel training and compensation as well as legal provisions and other labor concerns.

My internship at Philips Corporation also afforded me with the crucial skills to work with some of the best professionals in the recruitment and human resources industry. Being a trainee has developed in me enthusiasm and a true passion for human resources and has subsequently convinced me that human resource management is my true calling.
For additional details regarding my qualification and expertise, please review my attached resume.
Thank you for taking the time to consider this application and I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely,
Vinsmoke
Example of Curriculum Vitae :

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name                          : Vinsmoke
Address                      : Strawberry street, Jakarta 1234
Contact Number         : 0822-2222-222
E-mail                         : groffkristoff_@gmail.com
Date of birth               : January 19th, 1988
Nationality                  : Indonesian
Gender                        : Male
Marital status              : Married
CAREER HISTORY 
January 2007 – January 200 work as Human Resource Department for Pindad
February 2008 – Present work as Entrepreneur for my own Business

ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE JAKARTA (PUJ) : 2003 – 2006 GPA=3,80 (Scale 4)
SMAN 1 JAKARTA : 2001 – 2003
SMPN 1 JAKARTA : 1999 – 2001
SDN 1 JAKARTA : 1994 – 1999
COMPUTER SKILLS
Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Power Point, Microsoft Office Visio, Zahir, Accurate, MYOB.
PERSONALITY
Good attitude, kind, communicative, dilligent, tolerant, target oriented, discipline, honest, and responsible.
All the informations above is true and provided here by me, all in good faith.

Jakarta, April 19, 2015


Vinsmoke
05.54 | Category: | 0 komentar

ORDER AND COMPLANING LETTER

     1. Order letter
 A letter of order is a document that confirms the details of a purchase of goods or services from one party to another. It usually includes more information about what you are ordering, like quantity, model number, or color, the payment terms, and the matter in which the products are to be shipped. When the recipient receives this letter, they will process the order and send the merchandise.

Definition of Order Letter
        An “Order” is an expense for the person placing the order and an income for the one getting it. But this is not all. The company that bags the order has to fulfill lot of commitments to ensure that it has a satisfied customer, which can be an individual or another company. Timely delivery of the order, quality of delivery and after sale service – are all part and parcel of getting an order.
         An Order Letter is the one that is written by the person/company placing the request of purchase from another company. This letter comes into action only when a detailed study of the desired product has been done in the market and based on promised service, quality and price of the product, a decision for a purchase has been made.
         An Order Letter should be drafted very carefully as it needs to pen down all the terms and conditions of the purchase for the benefit of both involved parties. It should have details such as product specifications, quantities, price agreed upon, delivery date, late delivery clauses, etc. It should be addressed to the person responsible for the execution of the order with a copy to the head of department. Since it is totally an official letter it should be typed.


Example of Order Letter
SUMMIT CORPORATION
111 Empire Boulevard
Virginia, Bekasi Utara

November 19, 2016

Lamoodie Co.
Sudirman Street 1996
Jakarta

Subject            : Order for T-shirt

Dear Madam,
Thank you for your catalogue and the price list. We are glad to place our first order with you for the following items:
1. 250 pcs Colourful Tassel Earrings      @100.000 = Rp 25.000.000,-
2. 200 pcs Balancy Black Earings           @150.000 = Rp 30.000.000,-
3. 200 pcs Tortoquise Earings                  @125.000 = Rp 25.000.000,- +
Total Amount                                                                Rp 80.000.000,-

We did cash payment 2 days after goods are received. Our hope is the goods are sent after we sent the order letter.


Thank you for your attention.

Your truly,
SUMMIT CORPORATION

Dicky Putra Sadewa
Purchase Manager

2. COMPLAINT LETTER

         Complaint letter definition can be described in many ways. A complaint letter is the part of written communication. In general word complaint letter means a letter which is written to submit a complaint to the authority. And it is generally done when other way of complaint are failure like phone, email etc.

Definition of Complaint Letter
         A Complaint letter   is a letter from the buyer containing claims for compensation to the seller because of damage to goods, goods lost in transit, quality does not comply with an order that  could be detrimental to the buyer. In this case, the buyer should include a good reason about the complaint. If the claim is proven, then the buyer is entitled to receive replacement of goods or reimbursement. However, if damage to the goods was caused by the buyer himself then he is not entitled to claim losses to the seller. On the other hand, the seller must examine the charges against him by investigating the causes of this  complaint. Is it really the fault of the seller, the carelessness of the packing, delivery of goods or the buyer? Thus, he can contact the party who made a mistake. If the fault is caused by the seller, he has to accept these demands. When the fault of the sender or transport, then the seller may request accountability from them. Similarly, if the fault comes from the buyer.
A good complaint letter consists of 4 parts :
  • Opening Information : We hereby inform you that we have received our order on time.
  • Problem : However, after we check it, it turns out there is some stuff that does not comply with our orders and some others were damaged.
  • Request : We hope that you can check them out and replace the damaged stuff as soon as possible.
  • Closing : We look forward to hearing from you shortly.

Causes of Drafting Complaint Letter or, Sources of Mistakes giving rise to Complaints
The following are usual causes for which a complaint letter is drafted:
Problem with the delivered goods: If the goods that are delivered are :
  • Under weight,
  • Obsolete,
  • Defective,
  •  Incomplete,
  • Not according to buyer’s specification such as color, brand, size etc.
  •  Wrong or poor quality; then buyer can make a claim to the seller for the mistake.

Pricing: If there is any mistake in preparing the invoice of the shipped goods, then such letter is written.
Packing: Faulty or poor packing of the goods causes damage to the goods which can be claimed to the seller.
Transport: Goods are supposed to be shipped according to convenience of the buyer. But if wrong carrier is used it may call for writing such letter.
Terms & Condition: If the terms and condition of business are violated by the seller then such a letter is placed.
Faulty Insurance: If insurance coverage is not made properly according to instruction of the buyer, then there may be claim through complaint letter.

Example of Complaint Letter

SUMMIT CORPORATION
111 Empire Boulevard
Virginia, Bekasi Utara


Ref : 10 P
November 24, 2016

Lamoodie Co.
Sudirman Street 1996
Jakarta

Subject            : Complaint about the damage of the goods

Dear Madam,
Through this letter we inform you that our order have been received on November 20, 2016. However, after we checked the products you sent us, there are 250 pcs Colourful Tassel Earrings, 200 pcs Balancy Black Earings, 200 pcs Tortoquise Earings damaged. Perhaps this is because in the packaging of the product is less good.

We hope in the future, we would not receive any more damaged products like this. If this thing happen again, we are sorry that we will cut off our cooperation contract.

Thank you for your concern. We will wait for you reply.

Your truly,
SUMMIT CORPORATION


Dicky Putra Sadewa
Purchase Manager


Write a complaint letter

Lamoodie Co.
Sudirman Street 1996
Jakarta

December 01, 2016

SUMMIT CORPORATION
111 Empire Boulevard
Virginia, Bekasi Utara

Subject            : Complaint about the damage of the goods

Dear Madam,
We have received your letter No. 10 P dated November 24, 2016 on the complaint of the product. For that incident we apologize profusely.

After we check out, it is true there is damage to the products that we send. This happens because our employees are less cautious in the packaging of the product.. We will replace the defective product within 14 days. And we promise that this mistake will not happen again in the future.

Thank you for your understanding.

Your truly,
Lamoodie Co.



Diasya H
Manager



Reference:
http://www.letters.org/order-letter/order-letter.html
http://www.englet.com/complaint
http://www.businesscommunicationarticles.com/complaint-letter-definition/

17.55 | Category: | 0 komentar

INQUIRY LETTER
Inquiry Letter is a document requesting information sent on behalf of an individual or an organisation for their own respective purposes, which can be mutually beneficial to the recipient and the sender. A letter of inquiry deals with various matters like job vacancies, funding, grants, scholarships, projects, sales, pre-proposals and others.

Inquiry Letter Definition
A document requesting information sent on behalf of an individual or an organisation for their own respective purposes, which can be mutually beneficial to the recipient and the sender.

The term ‘Inquiry’ is same as ‘Enquiry’. The former is more commonly used in U.S. and the latter one is more common in U.K. There are some other terms which represent the letters; these areLetter of Intent, Letter of Interest, Query letter, Prospecting Letter, Pre-proposal Letter andConcept Paper. The term ‘Cover Letter’, ‘Business Letter’, ‘Request Letter’ and ‘Sales Letter’ is also applied to an inquiry letter especially when the objective is same as that of letter for inquiry.

A letter of inquiry serves to facilitate business operations and satisfaction of the sender. Inquiry letters remove any misunderstanding and are time savers, especially when two parties want to reach an understanding. The communication towards this effect resolves the issue without any delay. With relation to it being a ‘Pre-proposal letter’, the inquiry letter is also termed as a ‘Condensed Version of a Proposal’. It is the outcome of the purpose of the letter which highlights the points of a proposal instead of a full-fledged proposal.

On an individual’s basis, these letters are sent to companies that are willing to hire but haven't advertised job openings. It can also be a letter addressed to editor in-charge of a publication proposing certain literary work. It can be a letter from a student who is vying for a seat in a college or a business that provides an internship. So, the objective of an enquiry letter is same but its projections and audiences are different. Same goes for its method of delivery, it can be sent via paper mail or electronic mail.

Types of Inquiry Letter

1.  Personal status inquiry letter: The letters that are written by prospective employers for obtaining information about job applicants are called personal status inquiry letter. Employers write this letter to obtain information relating to the applicant’s personal and family background, ability, skills, honesty, character, integrity, quality of performance, fitness for job etc. generally this letter is written to the referees mentioned by the concerned applicant. In response to this letter, the referees write a reply letter to the employer. This response letter may be favorable, unfavorable or neutral to the applicant.


2.     Business status inquiry letter: When a business enterprise writes letter to another business enterprise for collecting information about a prospective customer, it is known as business status inquiry letter. This letter is usually written for collecting information about financial capability, goodwill, nature of business dealings, honesty etc. of a business enterprise to determine whether to establish business transactions with it. Responses of this letter may be either favorable or unfavorable.

Sample of Inquiry Letter

 SUMMIT CORPORATION
111 Empire Boulevard
Virginia, Bekasi Utara

Ref : CS / FI / 12A

12th April, 2014

PT. Robert Pattinson
12 West Point Square
Virginia, Bekasi Utara

Dear Mr. Hyde,

To meet the tastes of the public regarding food, especially bread of high quality and have a diverse taste in Bekasi and the surrounding area. Hereby we introduce ourselves as a company engaged in the manufacture of bread with good quality. And this bread companies we named RELISTA BREAD established since 06 march 2014 located in Passion, North Bekasi.

Since our company was recently established then we will ask you about the company that has experienced:
1. Promotion what is in accordance with our product?
2. When is the appropriate time?
3. Whatever media that allows for the sale?
4. Equipment needed promotion?
5. Total cost spent for promotion?

Hopefully you wish to reply and answer any questions from me. Thank you.

Yours sincerely,



Dicky Putra Sadewa
General Manager.

Reference:
https://targetstudy.com/letters/inquiry-letter/  
https://targetstudy.com/letters/inquiry-letter/how-to-write-inquiry-letter.htm

 


03.52 | Category: | 0 komentar